"Claude Code process exited with code 1" on macOS — real cause is folder privacy permission, no helpful error shown

When opening a project folder in the Claude Code desktop app, the session crashes immediately with:

Claude Code process exited with code 1

The error gives no indication of what went wrong. After extensive troubleshooting (checking .zprofile, PATH, binary versions), the real cause turned out to be a macOS privacy permission: the system was blocking Claude from accessing the folder.

Fix: System Settings > Privacy & Security > grant folder access to Claude.

The problem: The error message is completely unhelpful. It should say something like "Access denied: go to System Settings > Privacy & Security and allow Claude to access this folder."

Environment:

• macOS (Apple Silicon)
• Claude Code desktop app v2.1.111
• Project folder path with accented characters and spaces: QGE Negócios Inteligentes/Prezo.psi